The article is based on the authors'own experience in therapy with patients after renal transplantation who were hospitalized in the Transplantology and Surgery Department of Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz. The specificity of the psychological situation and the most common emotional disturbances present in patients after kidney transplantation (from the cognitive-behavioural view) were discussed. The authors introduced their own proposition of cognitive-behavioural treatment, which is aimed at teaching the patient who is after renal transplantation how to cope with characteristic negative cognitions (thoughts and beliefs), which may lower the patient's mood, cause symptoms of anxiety or even in some cases -worsen the patient's physical state. The example of the use of the cognitive-behavioural techniques in patients after renal transplantation is also included. Conclusions: the cognitive-behavioural model, whose efficiency in relation to many diseases has been proved, may also be useful regarding patients after renal transplantation.