Summary The goal of the author is to propose the psychodynamic model of understanding of transference and countertransference phenomena, which take place in a triangle patient – individual therapist – patient’s parents. Analyzing exemplary, destructive patterns of interaction appearing in the context of the psychotherapy of adolescent, the author tries to show how these patterns are unconsciously activated by the participants of this situation, in what way they can come from their psychopathology or problems and what influence they can have on the process of treatment. Basic goal of the article is to help the therapists in efficient containing intensive countertransference emotions and to make the diagnosis of the patient deeper. Furthermore, there were discussed the issues of the possibility and limitations of the formula of coexistence of the individual psychodynamic psychotherapy of the adolescent patient and systemic family therapy. The issue of the influence of therapist definition of his role to the ability to prohibit destructive results of processes which take place within the transference – countertransference triangle.